JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 2 · Q09 · Mole Concept & Stoichiometry

Correct answer:3.57

Solution

Reactions: Sn + 2 HCl $\rightarrow$ SnCl$_2$ + H$_2$; then 3 SnCl$_2$ + 6 HCl + C$_6$H$_5$NO$_2$ $\rightarrow$ 3 SnCl$_4$ + C$_6$H$_5$NH$_3$Cl + 2 H$_2$O (reduction of nitrobenzene to anilinium chloride).

Stoichiometry: 3 mol Sn reduce 1 mol PhNO$_2$ to 1 mol PhNH$_3$Cl. The molar mass of anilinium chloride C$_6$H$_8$NCl is 129.5 $\approx$ 129 g mol$^{-1}$. Moles of PhNH$_3$Cl produced $= 1.29/129 = 0.01$ mol.

Therefore moles of Sn used $= 3 \times 0.01 = 0.03$ mol $\Rightarrow x = 0.03 \times 119 = 3.57$ g.

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