JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 2 Q16 Mathematics P&C and Probability Probability Distributions Hard

JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 2 · Q16 · Probability Distributions

PARAGRAPH II — Consider the $6 \times 6$ square in the figure. Let $A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_{49}$ be the points at intersections (dots in the picture) in some order. We say that $A_i$ and $A_j$ are friends if they are adjacent along a row or along a column. Assume that each point $A_i$ has an equal chance of being chosen. Let $p_i$ be the probability that a randomly chosen point has $i$ many friends, $i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4$. Let $X$ be a random variable such that for $i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4$, the probability $P(X = i) = p_i$. Then the value of $7E(X)$ is ___.

Reveal answer + step-by-step solution

Correct answer:24

Solution

On a $7\times 7$ grid (49 points), corner points have $2$ friends (4 corners), edge non-corner points have $3$ friends ($4 \times 5 = 20$ such), interior points have $4$ friends ($5 \times 5 = 25$). $p_2 = 4/49, p_3 = 20/49, p_4 = 25/49$, $p_0 = p_1 = 0$. $E(X) = 2(4/49) + 3(20/49) + 4(25/49) = (8 + 60 + 100)/49 = 168/49 = 24/7$. So $7E(X) = 24$.

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